Drafting instrument.



, .N ...115; im., 0 ll No. 781,215. l PATBNTED JAN. 31, 1.905. J. fr. LEONARD.

DRAP'TINGv INSTRUMENT.- APPLIOTION FILED JUNE 25, 1904.

` allel and radial lines.

UNITED STATES Patented January 31, 1905. i

PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH THOMPSON LEONARD, OF ROLLING PRAIRIE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN H. SHULTOF EVANSTON, ILLINOIS.

DRAFTING INSTRUMENT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 781,215, dated January 31, 1905.

Application filed J' une 25, 1904.. Serial No. 214,203. l

T0 all whom, it may concer-nf:

Rolling Prairie, in the county of Laporte and' State of Indiana, have invented certainv new and useful Improvements in Drafting Instruments; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the figures of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specication. l

My invention relates to drafting instruments, and has for its object to provide a ruler especially designed for the projection of par- The principal object of my invention is to provide a ruler adapted for the projection of parallel lines with great facilty andl a high degree of uniformity;

Another object of my invention is to provide a ruler adapted for the projectionof lines radiating from a common center and intercepting equivalent or predetermined arcs.

With these and other objects in view the present invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts, as will be .hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes in the form, proportion, size, and minor details may be made within the scope of the claims without departing p from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of my invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a top plan view of my improved ruler. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.- Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view on line 3 3 of Fig. l. Eig. 4 is a transverse sectional view on line 4 I of Fig. 1. j

Like characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the severalviews.

Upon either side of a main ruler-body 1 are disposed auxiliary straight-edges 2 and 3. These straight-edges are rigidly connected in parallel relation to each other by transverselydisposed guides 4 and 5, which pass slidably through the ruler-body 1. The transverse distance between the parallel members 2 and 3 is greater'than the width of member 1, and the guides 4 and 5 are so mounted as to permit of an adjusting movement of members 2 and 3 in parallel relation'with the member 1. Upstanding from the' middle of guides 4f and 5 are pintles 6 and 7 preferably carrying thereon a cam-roller. l

Above the guides 4 and 5 are mounted plates 8, capable of movement longitudinally along the member 1 and having formed therein diagonal cam-slots 9, disposed to embrace pintles 6 and 7. Y

Longitudinally upon member 1 is mounted a shaft 10, journaled in bearings 11 and adapted for convenient rotation by means of the enlarged and milled portions 12. The shaft 10 is securedagainst longitudinal displacement by means of collars 13, rigidly mounted thereon and abutting journaleol bearings 11,. The portions of shaft 10 which are disposed above the plates 8 are provided with oppositely-inclined screw-threads 14, adapted to .engage screw-threaded members 15, rigidly secured to plates 8.

Upon any convenient portion of the shaft 10,'as.upon the enlargement 12, is rigidly mounted a pin'16, adapted to contact at each revolution with a spring 17, secured to the ruler-body 1. I

A plate 18 is provided which is adapted to be secured above and to cover the plates 8 .and screw-threaded members 14 and 15 to pre- 4opening in the center of plate 21.

cured a preferably circular plate 21, marked about its periphery in degrees. Above and bearing upon the plate 21 is disposed the wing 22, having a portion 28 conforming to the eircular plate 21, with an indicator thereon properly placed to designate, in conjunction with the scale upon plate 21, the angle formed by the wing 22 with the ruler-body 1. The wing 22 is secured upon the plate 21 and against rotary displacement by a thumb-screw 24, passing through the center of curvature of the portion 23 and engaging a screw -threaded The wing 22 is provided with a curved portion or offset 25, adapted to permit the main wing portion 22 to bear against or adjacent to the work upon which it is being used.

The operation of my improved drafting instrument is as follows: With the parts disposed as shown in Fig. v1 the ruler is placed so that the edge 3 will be in the position where the lirst of a series of parallel lines is required. rlhe first line is now formed along the outer edge of member 3. The shaft 10 is then rotated by grasping enlarged portion 12 within the fingers. The rotation of shaft 10 and the screw-threaded portion 14 will produce a longitudinal displacement of the member 15 and a movement of plates 8 toward each other. The movement of the plates 8 and the cam-surfaces of slots 9 will cause atransverse movement of the pintles 6 and 7 and the guides 4 and 5 and the attached parallel straight-edges 2 and 3. At each revolution of the shaft 10 the pin 16 will contact with the spring 17, thus indicating accurately when each revolution is completed. The straightedge 8 being now moved a space nearer the ruler-body 1 is in position for the implacement of the next parallel line, and the repetition of the operation will place the straightedge in position for each successive parallel line. When through repeated operations the straight-edge 3 has been moved through the full length of its course, the ruler may be reversed and the straight-edge 2 brought into use and the motion reversed, or the straightedge 3 may be returned to the position shown in Fig. 1 by the reverse movement of shaft 10 and the entire operation repeated.

The wing 22 may be used for projecting successive radial lines intercepting equivalent arcs or for projecting lines at any desired angle to the main ruler-body by the loosening of the thumb-screw 24 and rotating the wing untii the indicator on portion 23 indicates the required angleupon the scale-plate 21.

It is obvious that any number of pins 16 may be used, thereby permitting the projection of parallel lines with any desired amount of space intervening with absolute accuracy and great facility. It is further obvious that numerous other changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as novel, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A ruler having auxiliary straight-edges disposed upon opposite sides thereof and parallel therewith, a rotatable shaft mounted longitudinally within the ruler-body, said straightedges being connected for simultaneous transverse parallel adjustment, and means consisting of the rotatable shaft.

2. A ruler having auxiliary straight-edges disposed upon opposite sides thereof and parallel therewith, said straight-edges being capable of simultaneous transverse parallel adjustment and adapted to be shifted by a rotatable shaft disposed longitudinally within the ruler.

3. A ruler having an auxiliary straight-edge parallel therewith and rigidly secured to rightangularly-disposed guides slidably mounted transversely within the ruler, and means consisting of a rotatable shaft mounted within the ruler adapted to slidably nieve said guides to adjust the straight-edge in parallel relation to the ruler.

4. A ruler having auxiliary straight-edges disposed upon opposite sides and parallel therewith and rigidly connected by right-angularly-disposed guides passing transversely through said ruler and means consisting of a rotatable shaft mounted within the ruler adapted to slidably move said guides to adjust the straight-edges simultaneously in parallel relation to the ruler.

5. A ruler having an auxiliarystraight-edge disposed parallel therewith and rigidly secured to guides slidably mounted within the ruler and a shaft also disposed within the ruler and mounted for rotary movement to control the adjustment of the straight-edges in parallel relation to the ruler.

6. A ruler having auxiliary straight-edges disposed upon opposite sides thereof and parallel therewith and rigidly connected by rightangularly disposed guides passing transversel y through the said ruler and a shaft disposed within the ruler and mounted for rotary movement to control the adjustment of the straight-edges in parallel relation to the ruler.

7. A ruler having an auxiliary straight-edge disposed parallel therewith and rigidly secured to right angularly disposed guides slidably mounted transversely within the ruler, pintles upstanding from the faces of said guides, plates with diagonal slots therein mounted upon said ruler adapted to embrace the pintles, and means for simultaneously and slidably moving the said plates longitudinally to impart a transverse parallel adjusting movement to the straight-edge.

8. A ruler having auxiliary straight-edges disposed upon opposite sides thereof and parallel therewith and rigidly connected by guides passing slidably and transversely through the said ruler, pintles upstanding from the face of said guides, plates with slots therein mountedy 9. A ruler having an auxiliary7 straight-edge disposed parallel therewith and rigidly secured to right angularly-disposed guides slidably mounted transversely within the ruler, pintles upstanding from the faces of said guides, plates 'with diagonal slots therein mounted upon said ruler and adapted to embrace the pintles, a lug upstanding from said plate with a screwthreaded opening therein, a longitudinal shaft rotatably mounted, means for securing said sh aft against longitudinal displacement,screw threads formed upon said shaft adapted to engage the said Ylug and all so disposed that the rotation of the shaft simultaneously and slid-- ably moves the said plates longitudinally to' impart a transverse adjusting movement to the straight-edge.

10. In a ruler an auxiliary straight-edge disposed parallel therewith and capable of transverse parallel adjust-ment, a rod adapted to rotate and impart transverse motion to the straight-edge, a pin mounted upon the shaft and a spring member disposed to contact with said pin at each revolution of the shaft.

11. A ruler having an auxiliary straight-- edge disposed parallel therewith and rigidly secured to right-angularly-disposed guides slidably mounted transversely within the ruler, pintles upstanding from the faces of said guides, plates with diagonal slots therein mounted uponsaid ruler and adapted to embrace the pintles, a lug upstanding from said plate with a screw-threaded opening therein, a longitudinal shaft rotatably mounted, means for securing said shaft against longitudinal displacement, screw-threads formed upon said shaft adapted to engagesaid lug and all so disposed that the rotation of the shaft'simultaneously and slidably moves the said plates longitudinally to impart a transverse adjusting movement to the straight-edge, a pin mounted upon the said shaft, and a spring member disposed to contact with saidpin at each revolution of the shaft.

12. In a ruler the combination of a main ruler-body, an auxiliary straight-edge disposed parallel therewith, arotatable shaft mounted within the ruler adapted to control a transverse parallel adjustment of the auxiliary straight-edge and an arm provided with a straight-edge pivoted at the end of the rulerbody and adapted for angular adjustment in relation to the ruler-body.

13. A ruler ,having an auxiliary straightedge parallel therewith and rigidly secured to right angularly disposed guides. slidably emounted transversely within the ruler and means consisting of a rotatable shaft mounted therein adapted to slidably move said guides to adjust the straight-edge in parallel relation to the ruler, and an arm with a straight-edge pivoted to the end of the ruler and adapted for angular adjustment in relation to the ruler.

14. A ruler having auxiliary straight-edges disposed upon opposite sides thereof and parallel therewith and rigidly connected. by rightangularly disposed guides passing transversely through the said ruler and a shaft disposed longitudinally within the ruler mounted for rotary movement to control the adjustment of the straight-edges in parallel relation to the ruler, and an arm with a straight-edge and pivoted to the end of the ruler adapted for angular adjustment in relation to the ruler.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature in presence of two witnesses. Y

` JOSEPH THOMPSON LEONARD. 

